Hook Grip: Types, Benefits and How to Do

According to weightlifting textbooks, the hook grip in Olympic weightlifting involves a pronated hand position with the thumb positioned between the barbell and the pointer and middle fingers. Its primary function is to ensure control of the barbell during the snatch and clean exercises.

A critical aspect of the hook grip is concealed: the thumb not only presses against the barbell inside the grip but also encompasses it. This is what distinguishes a hook grip from a regular grip, where the thumb sits atop the remaining fingers.

So how to do hook grip? As the athlete's fingers curl over their thumb from above, it's essential that they also tightly clasp the barbell. This nuance is of utmost importance: the fingers aren't merely exerting pressure on the thumb, but also ENVELOPING it. I'm deliberately reiterating this, as rookies tend to commit this mistake, leading to the prevalent perception that the hook grip is pointless, uncomfortable, and untrustworthy.

The hook grip offers several advantages for strength training, fitness and Olympic weightlifting, providing benefits that extend beyond a more secure grip. These advantages can have a meaningful impact on both performance and safety.

In the weightlifting hook grip, the thumb is wrapped around the barbell, followed by the fingers wrapping around the thumb. This creates a secure and strong grip that is less likely to slip, especially when lifting heavy weights. In exercises like deadlifts, cleans, or snatches, where a lifter's grip strength can be the limiting factor in the amount of weight they can lift, the hook grip can be the difference between a successful lift and a missed one. This added security is vital not just for performance, but also for safety, as losing grip on a heavy barbell can lead to injury.

During heavy lifts, the barbell can start to roll out of the lifter's hand, which can compromise the lift and potentially lead to injury. This is a significant issue in exercises like the hook grip deadlift, where the bar is pulled off the ground and the tendency for the bar to roll is greater. The hook grip counters this by effectively locking the bar in place, preventing it from rolling and providing a more stable lift.

In Olympic weightlifting, the speed at which you can move the barbell is often just as important as the amount of weight you can lift. The hook grip can help lifters move more quickly under the bar during the snatch and the clean & jerk exercises. This is because the hook grip allows for a more efficient transfer of power from the lifter to the bar. 

A significant benefit of the barbell hook grip is that it reduces the strain on the forearm muscles. In exercises like the deadlift or snatch and clean variations, where the forearms are heavily involved, fatigue can set in quickly, limiting the effectiveness of the workout. By using the hook grip in fitness, lifters can maintain their grip strength over a longer period, allowing for more reps or a higher weight to be lifted before fatigue sets in. This also means less tightness and strain in the forearms post-workout, aiding recovery and reducing the risk of overuse injuries.

A significant benefit of the barbell hook grip is that it reduces the strain on the forearm muscles. In exercises like the deadlift or snatch and clean variations, where the forearms are heavily involved, fatigue can set in quickly, limiting the effectiveness of the workout. By using the hook grip in fitness, lifters can maintain their grip strength over a longer period, allowing for more reps or a higher weight to be lifted before fatigue sets in. This also means less tightness and strain in the forearms post-workout, aiding recovery and reducing the risk of overuse injuries.

Many novices find mastering the hookgrip challenging, particularly young athletes or those in lighter weight categories who stand under 165 cm. The primary reason why every weightlifter globally employs the hookgrip is due to the freedom it offers arm muscles, notably the forearms, during a power position in a snatch or clean.

For those fretting about having too short palms and fingers, take inspiration from Halil Mutlu, the three-time Olympic weightlifting champion, who snatched 138 kg at a body weight of 56 kg and height of 150 cm using the hookgrip.

What's crucial to bear in mind while executing the hookgrip? When prepping for a snatch or clean, make sure to drive the gap between your thumb and index finger into the barbell, then clutch it first with the thumb, followed by the other fingers. This enhances your grip on the barbell. The correct finger sequence is key: begin by holding the bar with your thumb, then pinch your thumb with the other two fingers and rotate it a bit more around the bar. Athletes with larger hands can even envelop their thumb with three fingers, whereas lightweight athletes may only use their index fingers, sometimes letting their thumbnail grow as a "secret trick."

The best way to acclimate to the hookgrip is consistent use when lifting the barbell. Over time, your wrists will adjust, making the hookgrip feel natural and perfectly comfortable.

A frequently asked question is: should the wrist always maintain the hookgrip? My response is that the hookgrip is crucial from the moment the bar lifts off the platform until the power position concludes. Afterward, most athletes release the hookgrip and hold the barbell with a simple grip.

Three primary grip styles exist in strength training: the pronated (or overhand) grip, the alternated (or mixed) grip, and the hook grip. Athletes select the most suitable type based on their specific strength training style and focus.

The pronated grip, also known as the overhand grip, is a common grip used in strength training. In this grip, the palms face towards the body and the knuckles face outward or upward, depending on the exercise. For example, if you were holding a barbell for a deadlift, your palms would be facing your body, and your knuckles would be facing forward, away from you. This grip is often used in pull-ups, rows, and deadlifts, among other exercises.

One advantage of the pronated grip is that it can engage more of the muscles in your back and biceps during pulling movements, compared to other grips. However, grip strength can sometimes be a limiting factor in lifts, especially when lifting heavier weights.

The alternated grip, also known as the mixed grip, is a type of grip used in strength training where one hand uses a pronated (overhand) grip while the other hand uses a supinated (underhand) grip. In this grip, one palm faces towards the body and the other palm faces away from the body.

The mixed grip is commonly used in exercises like deadlifts, where grip strength can be a limiting factor. The main advantage of using the mixed grip is that it helps prevent the barbell from rolling out of the lifter's hands. Since the palms face in opposite directions, any rolling motion in one hand is counteracted by the other hand, making it easier to maintain a secure grip on the bar.

However, there are some potential drawbacks to using the alternated grip. It can lead to imbalances in muscle development if the grip is not switched regularly between hands. Additionally, there is a slightly increased risk of biceps injury in the supinated arm due to uneven loading and torque.

Based on the above the hook grip and regular grip are two fundamental techniques used in weightlifting. The hook grip, where the thumb is wrapped around the barbell and the fingers around the thumb, provides enhanced security and prevents the bar from rolling during heavy lifts. It's preferred for Olympic lifts such as the snatch and clean & jerk, despite initial discomfort due to the pressure on the thumb. 

Regular grip is common in general strength training. While easier to master, it may not provide the same level of security, especially during heavy lifts, and can lead to uneven muscle development or potential injury in the mixed variant. Both grips have their place, but for those serious about weightlifting, mastering the hook grip, despite initial discomfort, can lead to improved performance and safety.

Yes, most individuals can adopt the hook grip for strength training and Olympic weightlifting, but it may not be comfortable or effective for everyone. Factors such as hand size, thumb length, flexibility, and pain tolerance can influence one's ability to effectively use the hook grip. Some individuals, especially those with smaller hands or shorter thumbs, may find the hook grip challenging or uncomfortable.